To assess the commonness of your sequences, the distribution of their percentage identity was plotted and fitted to typical distributions by using a maximum-likelihood approach implemented in the mixture analysis on the Previous plan (60). The method allowed us to define sequences as common (968 identity to database sequences) or uncommon (83 identity in typical). ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. We thank Cyrielle Tricoire, Eric Maria, and the captain and crew with the Nereis II for sample collection; along with the persons involved within the long-term series of hydrobiogeochemical information collected inside the Service d’Observation en Reparixin site Milieu Littoral network (SOMLIT). This operate was supported by a PhD fellowship in the French Minist e de l’Enseignement Sup ieur et de la Recherche (to M.H.), a PhD fellowship from the French Conseil R ional d’Auvergne (to N.T.), in addition to a CNRS Plan Ecosph e Continentale et C i e (EC2CO, 2010012). The operate of P.E.G is supported by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) project MICADO (ANR-11JSV7-003-01). J. Craig Venter Institute (JCVI) International Ocean sampling, sequencing, and sequence analyses were funded by grants from the Beyster fund of your San Diego Foundation and also the Life Technologies Foundation (to JCVI).1. Alonso-Saez L, et al. (2007) Seasonality in bacterial diversity in north-west Mediterranean coastal waters: Assessment through clone libraries, fingerprinting and FISH. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 60:9812. two. Mary I, et al. (2006) Seasonal dynamics of bacterioplankton community structure at a coastal station within the western English Channel. Aquat Microb Ecol 42: 11926. 3. Campbell BJ, Kirchman DL (2012) Bacterial diversity, community structure and prospective development rates along an estuarine salinity gradient. ISME J 7:21020. four. Campbell BJ, Yu L, Heidelberg JF, Kirchman DL (2011) Activity of abundant and uncommon bacteria in a coastal ocean. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 108:127762781. five. Lennon JT, Jones SE (2011) Microbial seed banks: The ecological and evolutionary implications of dormancy. Nat Rev Microbiol 9:11930. 6. Campbell BJ, Yu L, Straza TRA, Kirchman DL (2009) Temporal adjustments in bacterial rRNA and rRNA genes in Delaware (USA) coastal waters. Aquat Microb Ecol 57: 12335.7. Jones SE, Lennon JT (2010) Dormancy contributes for the maintenance of microbial diversity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107:5881886. 8. Lami R, Ghiglione JF, Desdevises JF, West NJ, Lebaron P (2009) Annual patterns of presence and activity of marine bacteria monitored by 16S rDNA-16SrRNA fingerprints in the coastal NW Mediterranean Sea. Aquat Microb Ecol 54:19910. 9. Gaidos E, Rusch A, Ilardo M (2011) Ribosomal tag pyrosequencing of DNA and RNA from benthic coral reef microbiota: Neighborhood spatial structure, rare members and nitrogen-cycling guilds. Environ Microbiol 13:1138152. 10. Sogin ML, et al. (2006) Microbial diversity within the deep sea and the underexplored “rare biosphere” Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103:121152120. 11. Pedros-Alio C (2006) Marine microbial diversity: Can it be determined Trends Microbiol 14:25763. 12. Galand PE, Casamayor EO, Kirchman DL, Lovejoy C (2009) Ecology on the uncommon microbial biosphere on the Arctic Ocean. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106:224272432. 13. Pedros-Alio C (2012) The uncommon bacterial biosphere. Annu Rev Mar Sci four:44966.6008 | http://www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.Hugoni et al.14.