Ormats are an infinite quantity of examples of how a “consultation” actually happens, with differences in actors, contextual detail, framings, interactions, power dynamics, and so OTT.S103130 on. Even so diverse in type, consultations have factors in common which are hard to define within the abstract but are effortless to recognize across a family of examples. These “family resemblances” can never be exhaustively defined due to the fact in each and every new case, the language game plays out in its own special way (Wittgenstein 2009, para. 66?7). If we have been to investigation the social practice of “consulting with citizens,” exploring each and every case to be able to comprehend its specific nuances, we would also enrich our general understanding of what it’s to seek advice from with citizens. More usually, case study analysis that focuses on what Wittgenstein called “the epistemology of the particular” functions by expanding and sharpening the vocabulary and expressions as they are utilized by researchers, practitioners, policymakers, and citizens to talk about social practices, a method that Tsoukas calls heuristic generalization (Tsoukas 2009). In this way, they may be capable to draw ever much more subtle distinctions between this instance of a specific social practice and that 1.Why National eHealth Programs Want Dead PhilosophersThe scholar who research a painting of a tree by C?zanne and discusses e with other people its meaning and significance does not learn about merely this certain painting or the tree in it. Rather, she or he then may also look using a a lot more sophisticated eye at other Impressionist paintings and also other trees (Simons 1996). In a LY2090314 web parallel method, case study evaluators collect and synthesize data and place their findings within the public domain as a way to address the unique query, “What is going on right here?” But by way of the reflection, discussion, and debate that (one particular hopes) ensues, they and their various audiences also attain a greater understanding which will be applied additional broadly (Greenhalgh and Russell 2010).A Case within a Case: The Newtown Integrated Records PilotAs we described briefly here and in far more detail elsewhere (Greenhalgh et al. 2010a, 2010c), the Summary Care Record and HealthSpace have been s12916-016-0650-2 (and, in the time of this writing, nevertheless are) large, complex eHealth applications which might be a part of the even bigger and more complicated, publicly funded NPfIT (Brennan 2007). To advance this article’s central argument–that immersion in detail will be the route to understanding complex cases–we should use a compact substudy to demonstrate how we arrive at heuristic generalization. Accordingly, we describe an attempt by a consultant diabetes specialist in Newtown (pseudonym), Dr. J., who was widely referred to as an innovator and enthusiast, to hyperlink his current electronic patient record method together with the HealthSpace method so as to allow his sufferers to view their very own records, as well as the reciprocal try by Connecting for Wellness to make use of this unsolicited strategy by a regional champion to demonstrate the “interoperability” of its personal state-driven record program with existing NHS legacy systems and private-sector add-ons journal.pntd.0004867 that were operating in parallel with it.