To study Spotted Owls Jeff Walters for the opportunity to studyTo study Spotted Owls Jeff Walters for the chance to study Red-cockaded Woodpeckers, Tom Mullins for his 20+ years of service as manager of your Conservation Genetics Laboratory and Mark Miller for his lots of years as our bioinformaticist. We appreciate the work our laboratory technicians Renee Bellinger, Hope Draheim, and Dacey Mercer have contributed to quite a few projects. We congratulate Dr. Renee Bellinger and Dr. Hope Draheim around the recent completion of their Ph.D. degrees and wish themthe most effective in their new lives. We thank Eliza Shaughnessy Jandrasi and Kelly Huber for help in preparing this manuscript; and Sara Oyler-McCance, Carrie Phillips, and three anonymous reviewers for their comments. We’re grateful to Sheila Whitmore for use of her Spotted Owl photo. Ultimately, we thank the USGS Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center for help of numerous of your projects described. Any use of trade, item, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and doesn’t imply endorsement by the U. S. Government. Literature citedAllendorf, F. W., P. A. Hohenlohe, and G. Luikart 2010. Genomics and the future of conservation genetics. Nature Genetics Testimonials 11: 697?09. Allendorf, F. W., G. Luikart, and S. N. Aitken 2015. Conservation and also the Genetics of Populations, 2nd edn, 614 pp. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK. Angeloni, F., N. Wagemaker, P. Vergeer, and J. Ouborg 2012. Genomic toolboxes for conservation biologists. Evolutionary Applications 5:130?43. Bartish, I. V., L. P. Garkava, K. Rumpunen, and H. Nybom 2007. Phylogenetic relationships and differentiation amongst and within populations of Chaenomeles Lindl. (Rosaceae), estimated with RAPDs and isozymes. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 101:554?563. Beissinger, S. R., J. R. Walters, D. G. Catanzaro, K. G. Smith, J. B. Dunning Jr, S. M. Haig, B. R. Noon et al. 2006. Modeling approaches in avian conservation and also the role of field biologists. Ornithological Monographs, vol 59. American Ornithologists’ Union, Washington, DC. Bellinger, M. R., J. A. Johnson, J. Toepfer, and P. Dunn 2003. Loss of genetic variation in Greater Prairie Chickens following a population bottleneck in Wisconsin, U.S.A. Conservation Biology 17:717?24. Bellinger, M. R., S. M. Haig, and E. D. Forsman 2005. Taxonomic relationships amongst Phenacomys voles endemic for the Western United states. Journal of Mammalogy 86:201?10. Chandler, R. B., and J. D. Clark 2014. Spatially explicit integrated population models. Procedures in Ecology and Evolution 5: 1351?360. Clegg, S. A., J. F. Kelly, M. Kimura, and T. B. Smith 2003. Combining genetic markers and steady isotopes to reveal population connectivity and migration patterns in a Neotropical migrant, Wilson’s Warbler (Wilsonia GDC-0917 site pusilla). Molecular Ecology 12:819?30. D’Elia, J. 2015. California pnas.1602641113 Condors inside the Pacific Northwest: Integrating history, molecular ecology, and spatial modeling for reintroduction planning. Ph.D. jir.2012.0142 dissertation, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR. D’Elia, J., and S. M. Haig 2013. California Condors in the Pacific Northwest. Oregon State University Press, Corvallis, OR. Draheim, H. M., M. P. Miller, P. B. Baird, and S. M. Haig 2010. Subspecific status and population genetic structure of Least Terns (Sternula antillarum) inferred by mitochondrial DNA control area sequences and microsatellite DNA.